# Spectrum Journals — Founding Plan Publisher: Encas 5 Hub (registration reported by founder). Domain selected: spectrumin.org · not registered; registration not verified. Brand clearance is incomplete. Updated 13 October 2026. Publishing reference and operational setup. ## Mission Publish accessible, rigorously assessed scholarship across disciplines, strengthening African research and contributing to knowledge worldwide. ## Portfolio ### Spectrum in Education Teaching, learning, educational leadership, curriculum, teacher development and education systems. ISSN not supplied. ### Spectrum in Social Sciences Sociology, political science, anthropology, social policy and interdisciplinary social research. ISSN not supplied. ### Spectrum in Psychology Developmental, educational, social and applied psychology; human-participant ethics required where applicable. ISSN not supplied. ### Spectrum in Economics Development economics, public finance, labour, trade and empirical economic research. ISSN not supplied. ### Spectrum in Business and Management Organisations, entrepreneurship, management, accounting and business research. ISSN not supplied. ### Spectrum in Public Health Population health, prevention, health systems and community research, with appropriate ethics and consent. ISSN not supplied. ### Spectrum in Agriculture and Food Systems Agriculture, food security, rural development and sustainable food systems. ISSN not supplied. ### Spectrum in Environmental Studies Climate, conservation, environmental policy and sustainability. ISSN not supplied. ### Spectrum in Computer Science Software, information systems, computing methods and responsible technology. ISSN not supplied. ### Spectrum in Humanities History, philosophy, languages, literature and cultural inquiry. ISSN not supplied. ## Launch sequence 1. **Identity and clearance** — Verify Encas 5 Hub certificate and publishing activities; obtain brand/trademark search; decide the final publisher brand. 2. **Domain and contact** — spectrumin.org is registered. Connect the domain to the website, configure renewal and account protection, and create verified editorial contacts. 3. **Journal readiness** — Confirm journal title, scope, article types, publication schedule and editorial board before opening submissions. 4. **Policies and agreements** — Finalise publishing policies, author agreement, reviewer terms, privacy notice, fees, waivers and complaints route. 5. **Submission operations** — Choose and configure a production journal system such as OJS or a suitable managed service; test author, editor, reviewer and production roles end to end. 6. **Budget and funding** — Obtain software, hosting, identifiers, preservation, staffing, production and integrity-tool quotes; calculate per-article costs and funding runway. 7. **Identifiers** — Register the corporate publisher with the National Library using the CAC certificate; request an ISSN for each eligible journal/medium; arrange DOI registration separately. 8. **First publication** — Recruit real manuscripts; screen, review, revise and make independent decisions; proofread, obtain author proof approval, publish and archive. 9. **Indexing and expansion** — Establish a consistent publication record, check each index’s current eligibility and apply when ready. Expand only when editorial and financial capacity supports it. ## Publishing policies ### Author guide Submit original work within the journal scope. Select Original Research, Review, Systematic Review, Methods or Perspective. Include title, abstract, keywords, author names and affiliations, corresponding author, main text, references, figures and tables. Supply funding, competing interests, author contributions, ethics and consent statements, and data/code availability. Report methods sufficiently for evaluation; distinguish findings from interpretation. Do not submit the same manuscript to another journal concurrently. Field-specific reporting guidance and reference styles must be approved before opening each journal. ### Peer review Review workflow: editorial and research-integrity screening, assignment to an independent handling editor, normally at least two qualified independent reviewers for research articles, author responses and revised manuscripts, and a documented editor decision. Reviewers must disclose conflicts, maintain confidentiality and avoid coercive citations. The handling editor may reject, request revision or recommend acceptance; final checks precede production. Research articles receive external review; editorials must be labelled and assessed separately. Reviewer identity disclosure and any interactive review forum require an explicit approved policy and suitable software. No guaranteed acceptance or review time. ### Authorship and AI Authors must make substantive contributions, approve the manuscript and accept accountability. Describe contributions and acknowledge other assistance. Purchased authorship and undisclosed ghostwriting are prohibited. AI tools cannot be authors; disclose material use, verify accuracy and citations, and protect confidential material. Editors and reviewers must not upload unpublished manuscripts to external AI tools without an authorised confidentiality arrangement. ### Research ethics Research involving people, identifiable personal data or animals must include applicable approval or exemption, committee details and consent statements. Assess protections for vulnerable participants, privacy, consent for identifiable publication, and applicable trial registration. Non-clinical and social-science research can also require ethical review. Do not request retroactive approval as a substitute for required prospective approval. ### Integrity and conflicts Screen for plagiarism, duplicate publication, fabricated data, manipulated images, paper mills and inappropriate citations. Authors, editors and reviewers must disclose relevant financial and non-financial interests. Conflicted editors recuse themselves. Payments, sponsors and commercial staff cannot determine acceptance. Allegations require documented, confidential assessment, an opportunity to respond and proportionate action; institutional referrals may be appropriate. ### Open access and rights Open-access policy: immediate open access, authors retain copyright, and articles carry a clearly displayed CC BY 4.0 licence after the publication agreement is approved. Authors must secure rights for third-party content; exceptions must be labelled. Website terms, article licence and publishing agreement are distinct documents. Publication agreements must reflect these rights and terms before article publication. ### Fees and waivers APCs, taxes, waiver eligibility, invoice timing and refunds are not yet set. Publication payments cannot be collected until the complete fee policy is displayed. Fee policy principles: no submission charge, invoice only after acceptance, and waiver decisions independent of peer review. Institutional agreements must not promise publication or indexing. ### Corrections, retractions and appeals Maintain the scholarly record through linked, dated correction, expression-of-concern or retraction notices that explain the reason. Preserve articles with clear status labels except where removal is legally or ethically necessary. Provide an accessible confidential complaints channel. Appeals must receive review by an editor independent of the original decision, with a documented outcome. Contact addresses and appeal deadlines remain to be set. ### Data, privacy and preservation Require data and code availability statements; accept justified restrictions for privacy, consent, security or third-party rights. Establish retention, access controls, backups and incident response before receiving files. Publish a privacy notice describing collection, purposes, processors, retention and rights. Select a sustainable preservation service and test recovery. DOI registration, discoverability and archiving are separate tasks. ### Editorial appointments Appoint editors based on subject expertise, research experience and integrity. Obtain written consent before listing anyone. Define duties, terms, conflicts, training and removal procedures. The publisher appoints a publishing manager and integrity contact; each live journal needs accountable editorial leadership and sufficient reviewer capacity. Do not invent editorial-board names or affiliations. ## Financial worksheet Annual fixed costs = staffing + hosting/software + integrity tools + preservation + administration. Per-article variable costs = editorial handling + production + DOI-related costs + payment costs. Net collected APC = gross APC minus waivers, discounts, taxes and collection costs. Break-even articles = (annual fixed costs minus committed non-APC funding) / (net collected APC minus per-article variable costs), only where the denominator is positive. Do not set acceptance targets to meet financial projections. All costs, fee amounts and revenue forecasts remain unapproved; no contracts or indexing guarantees are assumed. ## Required founder inputs CAC certificate and exact registration number; business address; owner/admin contact; budget and currency; first journal and editor candidates; domain ownership; approved fee/waiver model; actual support and integrity contacts. ## Reference sources Frontiers peer review: https://www.frontiersin.org/guidelines/peer-review-guidelines Frontiers author guide: https://www.frontiersin.org/guidelines/author-guidelines Frontiers ethics: https://www.frontiersin.org/guidelines/policies-and-publication-ethics Frontiers organisation: https://www.frontiersin.org/about/how-we-publish CAC: https://icrp.cac.gov.ng/ Trademark guidance: https://www.nipo.gov.ng/advice.jsp NLN ISSN: https://nln.gov.ng/isbn-issn.php NLN corporate publisher registration: https://issn.nln.gov.ng/clientregistration/registration Publishing guidance informed by the structure of Frontiers guidance; no affiliation with Frontiers. No claims of ISSN, DOI, indexing, editorial appointments, accreditation or live submission handling are made.